Table Relationships | phpDataMapper

Implemented Relationship Types

HasOne

One-to-one table relationships. Row ‘has one’ related row in another table. Each post ‘has one’ author.

HasMany

One-to-Many table relationships. Row ‘has many’ related rows in another table. Each post ‘has many’ comments.

Define The Relationship

Relationships must be defined in the individual models that require them. In the example below, we define a relationship in the PostsModel so that each post row object ‘HasMany’ comments. The mapper used to load the comments is ‘CommentsModel’, and the post ‘id’ field will match up with the comment ‘post_id’ field.


<?php
// Post
class PostsMapper extends phpDataMapper_Base
{
    // Specify the data source
    protected $_datasource = "posts";
 
    // Define your fields as public properties
    public $id = array('type' => 'int', 'primary' => true, 'serial' => true);
    public $title = array('type' => 'string', 'required' => true);
    public $body = array('type' => 'text', 'required' => true);
    public $status = array('type' => 'string', 'default' => 'draft');
    public $date_created = array('type' => 'datetime');
 
    // Comments relationship
    public $comments = array(
        'type' => 'relation',
        'relation' => 'HasMany',
        'mapper' => 'CommentsMapper',
        'where' => array('post_id' => 'entity.id')
        // Means CommentsMapper.post_id = currently loaded Post entity id
        );
}
 
// Post Comments
class CommentsMapper extends phpDataMapper_Base
{
    // Specify the data source
    protected $_datasource = "post_comments";
 
    // Define your fields as public properties
    public $id = array('type' => 'int', 'primary' => true, 'serial' => true);
    public $post_id = array('type' => 'int', 'key' => true, 'required' => true);
    public $body = array('type' => 'text', 'required' => true);
    public $date_created = array('type' => 'datetime');
}

Usage Example

We can now use the relationship like so:


<?php
// DataMapper base model
require '../phpDataMapper/Base.php';
 
// Setup database connection
require '../phpDataMapper/Adapter/Mysql.php';
try {
    $adapter = new phpDataMapper_Adapter_Mysql('localhost', 'blog', 'root', '');
} catch(Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
    exit();
}
 
// Instantiate the Mapper
$postMapper = new PostMapper($adapter);
 
// Find all posts with a status of 'published'
$posts = $postMapper->all(array('status' => 'published'));
 
// Loop and print posts and comments
foreach($posts as $post) {
    echo "<h2>" . $post->title . "</h2>";
    echo "<p>" . $post->body . "</p>";
    echo "<hr />";
    // Comments
    foreach($post->comments as $comment) {
        echo "<p>" . $comment->body . "</p>";
    }
}

Notes

Currently, the above ‘HasMany’ example will incur N+1 queries. That is, one query will be executed for each set of comments requested for each post. So if 20 posts are returned and you print the comments for all posts, 20+1 queries will be executed.